A Computer is a machine that
performs tasks, such as simple and complicated scientific calculations,
electronic communication, and transactions under the set of instruction called
a “program”. These days Computers are used to perform versatile activities with
reliability, accuracy and speed.
Uses of Computer in different
fields.
In Business, Computer track
inventories with bar codes and scanners, billing of customers, and transfer
funds electronically, track attendance and generate payroll, store records/data
in extensive quantities with a never before easy.
At Homes, tiny embedded computers
control the indoor temperature, operate home security systems, turn video
cassette recorders on and off. Computer also Entertain as a music system, video
player, Gaming zone etc.
Academicians and institutions use
computers to track grades and prepare notes; with computer controlled
projection units, they can add graphics, sound and animation to their lectures.
Computers are used extensively in
Scientific Research to solve mathematical problems, display complicated data,
or model systems that are too costly or impractical to build, such as testing
the air flow around the next generation of space shuttles.
The Military employs computers in
sophisticated communications to encode and unscramble messages, and keep to
track of personnel and supplies.
In Daily lives, computers come in
usage while booking train & airplane tickets, withdrawing cash from bank,
driving cars, traffic lights, watching TV, listening Radio, although their
usage cannot be seen or felt, but it completes the requested transaction in the
backend.
2.
Characteristics of a Computer
The characteristics of Computer are high speed
of operations, accuracy, reliability, flexibility and economy coupled with
efficiency and processing data.
SPEED: The speed of a computer is virtually instantaneous. It is
measured in terms of microseconds (1/10-6 second), nanoseconds (1/10-9
second) and Pico second (1/10-12 second). An average personal
computer can conduct 100 million instructions per second.
STORAGE: One of the prime characteristics of a computer is its
ability to store information which it can access very quickly.
ACCURACY: Computers are very accurate. They seldom make mistakes,
though they do occasionally break down.
VERSALITY: For all practical purposes, computers can perform any
task that can be reduced to a series of logical steps.
AUTOMATION: Once loaded with a program, No human intervention is
required until the process is completed.
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